PENELUSURAN POSISI KOTA SEMARANG PADA SISTEM PERKOTAAN SEJAK MASA PRA KOLONIAL DALAM TULISAN-TULISAN SEJARAH INDONESIA

Tracing the Position of Semarang City i11 the Indonesia Urban Hierarchy since tire Pre Colonial Era of the Indonesian Histories

Abstract

Semarang is one of big port cities in Jawa. Compared to other big port city like Jakarta or Surabaya, Semarang is relatively underdeveloped   specially in this public services,  physical  infrastructure, and economic growth.  The planology   reason  is that the city located in between two big poles; Jakarta and Surabaya, inthe periphery boundary.  For some reasons, Semarang  was included in the Regional   IV, which  Jakarta was the center of the region.  After the 1999 crisis,  Semarang  became a very small economy growth and its position  degraded  from quadrant Il to III. It is not the worst,since some other big cities have also experienced   the same thing.  For example,  both Jakarta and Surabaya went to quadrant IV. Considering Semarang's  positicin in the colonial era, which was very important,  the recent situation  is not happy end story. It is, of cource, an accumulation  of a long procces of events, involved many factors and actors, or started since the early exixtence ofSemarang itself caused by its intrinic natural and geographic potentialities. This study is thrying to reveal Semarang is real condition in the economic location sence, through readings and studies on Semarang,  both alone and in group with other cities in Indonesia, started from its early development inthe precolonial era until recent situation  after crisis in the reformation era. The aim is to see the city's position changes other's, chronologically